House



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l A. G. WATERHOUSE.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

N0. 336,503. l Patented Feb. 16, 1886.

N, PETERS. Phnwulhngmpher. wnsmngwn. D. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. G. WATERHOUSE.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

No. 336,503. l l; Patented Feb. 16, 1886.

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. jill" Il N. PETERS. Pham-Lnmgmphu. waghingmn. Dv c,

@i NITED STATES PATENT Trice.

ELECTRIC- ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 336,503J dated February16, 1886.

Application filed Jannary, 1984. Serial No. 118,360. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be -it known that l, ADDISON G. EXTER- r-roUsn, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Hartford, in the State of Connecticut, haveinvented certain new and useful Im provements in Electric-Arc Lamps, ofwhich the following is a specification.

Myinvention relates to the construction of electricarc lamps; and itsobject is, among other things, to increase the power and delicacy ofoperation of the magnet system, to improve the efficiency and certaintyor action of the clutch or clamp, and to simplify and improve thedevices, whereby a safety or branch circuit around the lamp may beautomatically closed in case of derangement in the lamp mechanism andfailure of the carbon to feed properly.

My invention consists in certain details of construction and combinationof parts, that will be herein described in connection with theaccompanying` drawings, and will be set forth in the claims.

The feed regulating magnet herein described, consists, briefly speaking,of a movable magnet -core actuated by coils in the main circuit, incombination with a higlrresistance derived-circuit coil wound upon anextension of the core and moving therewith, and a bell-extension fromthe core arranged to surround the main-circuit coils,l and acting in thecombination to increase the power and delicacy of operation. Anadditional element of importance in such a combination is, that thefeed-regulating mechanism is actuated in one direction by the maincircuit inagnetcoils, and in thc other by a spring or by the weight ofthe parts only,and that the derivedcircuit coil serves merely to permitthe action of the spring or weight to prevail, and has no positiveaction of its own either in drawing the core in a direction to permit afeed to take place or in the same direction with the maincircuit coil.To the latter circumstance is due the important result that the currentin the derived-circuit coils cannot, in case of an abnormally long arc,act to keep the carbons separated. rlhis novel and important featurewill be more clearly manifest from the following detailed description ofthe lamp, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure l is a front elevation, partly in section, of a lamp embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is a top view of theclutch or clamp. Fig. 4 illustrates a detail or construction.

A indicates a frame,of any suitable or usual construction, forsupporting the magnet and working parts of the lamp, and B the feedregulating or governing lever actuated by the governing andfeed-controlling` magnet, and connected in any suitable manner with anyproper or ordinary feedregulating devices of such nature that when saidlever is moved in one direction, as upward, the carbons will be drawnapart, and when moved in the opposite direction a release or feed of thecarbons will be permitted to take place. The coustruction of the devicesherein employed for such purpose will be described further on.

R indicates the ordinary carbon holder or carrier, with which thefeedregulating mechanism engages.

Lever B is connected with the movable core O of an electromagnet, thecoils for which latter are indicated at D, and, as is obvious, will acton said core to draw it up within the coils when a current ofelectricity of sufficient strength iiows through them. The coils D arein the main or principle circuit with the carbons, as usual,whichcircuit isindicated by the numeral 5, and passes from the point markedthrough the coils D to the frame, and thence to the upper-carbon carrierR in the usual way, and the core O, when raised by the action of currentin said coils, raises the end of lever B and imparts the proper movementto the feed-1egulating mechanism to separate the carbons. The coils ofline wire in a high-resistance derived circuit, 7, around the carbonsare indicated at l, and surround an extension of the core C, asindicated. They are suitably mounted or supported so as to be carried byor to move with the core, and as said core and coils are not capable ofindependent movement, the latter (the coils) can never produce apositive downward pull upon the feedregulating lever, but their actionmust be conned to the function of neutralizing or counteracting themagnetism induced in the core O by the current in coils D to such extentas to permit vthe lever B to be lowered by the action of gravity or aspring when a feed of the car- IOO bon rod downward becomes necessary.It is of course to be understood that the coilsEare properly wound orconnected, so that the current circulating in them shall tend to give tothe core C a magnetism the opposite of that induced by the current incoilsD.

F indicates what I term a bell-extension from the core C, and consistssimply of a cylinder or case of iron magnetically connected with thecore C and arranged to surround the` coils D, as indicated. Thisextension increases the sensitiven'ess and strength of the magnet andimproves the delicacy and certainty of action of the lamp.

, G indicates a spring,which serves to assist the magnet-core C inovercoming the weight of B and connected parts. y

l? indicates a dash-pot of any usual or desired construction.

The clamp or clutch herein shown consists of a jaw, H, connected withlever B by a joint, i, and bearing upon one side of rod R with its toeor engaging surface h, and a loose friction dog or block, K, arranged tobear against the rod 'R at a portion thereof opposite h, and connectedby a link, L, with the jaw H, as shown, so that when the latter islifted at one end by the lever B the dog K will be tight# ened on therod, and will prevent it from moving downward through the clutch. Whenthe clamp is lowered so that the block K rests upon the table M, theclamp releases its hold upon the rod R and permits it to move downward.

N indicates a rather stiff coiled spring, fastened at one end in aninsulating-block, n, and carrying upon its extended opposite end acontact-making block, O, adapted to make contact, when the spring isfree,with an insulated contact-piece, P2. The contacts O and P2 arenormally, or when the lamp is in action, held out of connection by thelever B, upon which the spring N bears, through van insulatingpiece, S,mounted on the extended end of N. The piece S is an eccentric orirregular in outline, and may be turned upon the spring so as to raiseor lower the block O, and thus determine the point in the downwardmovement of B at which contactsO and P2shallbe closed. Block O ismounted on the end of spring N, so .that it may be turned into theposition shown iu Fig. 4, and thus permit the lamp to be operatedwithout closing the contacts O P2. Block O, when turned into suchposition, is held by friction.

T'indicates an artificial resistance of German silver or other suitablematerial, coiled upon a suitable form or support and connected at oneend with a post, R, and from the latter directly with the main conductoron one side of lamp and at the other end with spring N. Contact P2 isconnected with the main con,- ductor on the opposite side of the lamp,and the circuit formed through T, N, O, and P2, when O and P2 are incontact, constitutes a safety or cut-out circuit, to be closed when,through abnormal are resistance or extinction of arc, the lever B ispermitted to recede by the action of gravity or a spring to a'suiiicientextent, determined by the adjustment of the parts. The resistance Tserves to force current into the main-circuit coil D when the current isturned on, so as to enable coils D to lift the core C and start thelamp. A handswitch, W, serves, at pleasure, to connect Pz and Rdirectly, and to thus short-circut the lamp.

When the lamp is out of action and no current is passing, the rod R isfreed from the clutch, the carbons are in contact, and the safety orcut-out circuit is closed through T N O P2. When currentis turned on, itpasses inlarge measure through coils D, the frame A, and the carbons,being forced into this path by the resistance T and the high-resistancecoils E. A portion passes through coils E, but produces no effect. Thecurrentin coils D raises core C and lever B, and at first rocks jaw Hupon its point h, thus tightening the clamp upon the rod. Furthermovement results in lifting thevrod against `the action of gravity andforming the arc in the 4well-known Way.

At the same time the cut-out circuit is broken by the lifting of thecontaets'O from P2. rllhe current in coils E increases in amount as thearc lengthens, and by tending to neutralize the magnetism of the coredecreases the strength of the magnetic pull of coils D upon said core,so that the coils D finally become ineffective to raise the partsfurther against the action of gravity, and an arc of a certaindeterminate length is thus formed. As the arc lengthens by wasting ofthe carbons, the current in coils E still further weakens the magneticpull upon thelever B, and gravity lowers the llatter until a slight feedis produced by the release of the clamp. In these actions the coils Eexert no pull upon the parts, but the action is simply the varyingaction of a magnet pulling on the leverin one direction against theforce of a spring or weight pulling on it in the other. If the carbonsfail to feed and the arc becomes excessively long, the current in coilsE will become so great that the lever B will be lowered still farther bygravity, and beyond the point at which the clutch is released, and willthus permit the spring N to close the contacts O l5"2 and cut out thelamp.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. Thel combination, in an electriclamp, of a feedregulating mechanism and a governing electro-magnetconsisting of main Ycircuit coils, a movable core therefor,derived-circuit coils moving with the core, and a bell-extension fromthe core surrounding the main-circuit coils.

2. The combination,in an electricarc lamp, of a feed-regulatingmechanism, a movable magnet-core actuated in one direction bymaincircuit coils and in the other by the weight of the parts, aderived-circuit coil moving with said core, and a bell-extensionsurrounding the main-circuit coils.

3. The combination, in an electric lamp,of a feed-regulating lever, B,coreC, coils D in the IOO main circuit, coils carried by the core and ina derived circuit of high resistance around the carbons, andbell-extension F, as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination,in an clectriclamp,of a cut-out switch bearing on amovable portion of the regulating mechanism, and an adjustable cam oreccentric at the point of bearing.

5. The combination, in an electric lamp, of the cut-out switch and theadjustable contactpiece O, arranged in the manner described, so that itmay be turned up to prevent closing of the cut-out circuit.

6. The combination, with the feed-regulating lever in an electric lamp,of the spring N, bearing on said lever and having a contact block orhammer, O, through which it may close a cutout circuit.

7. The combination, in au electric lamp, of the lever B, the core G,connected therewith and carrying derived-circuit coils, main-circuitcoils D, jaw H, hung from the lever, and the loose friction dog` orblock connected with thejaw by a link, as and for the purpose de`scribed.

8. The combination, in an electric lamp, of a movablemagnetcore,iixed1nain-circuit coils, movable derived-circuit coils moving with saidcore, and a clutch or clamp consisting of a pivoted jaw bearing againstone side of the carbon or carrier, a loose friction dog or block bearingagainst the opposite side of the carbon or carrier, and a connecting`link or bar, L, as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination, with the carboircarrier, of a tilting dog or jawbearing against the carrier at the side opposite from that which the dogorjaw is fulcrurned, a friction block or piece bearing on the carrier onthe side opposite to that on which the dog or jaw bears, and aconnecting-link between the two parts bearing on the carrier, as and forthe purpose described.

Signed at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut,this 14th day i5 of January, A. D. 1884.

ADDISON G. WATERHOUSE. Witnesses:

(l1-ms. E. DUs'rIN, W. H. NEWELL.

